M1的自救：如何判断报错后是否为arm架构的锅！
ARM源
pip
pip install xx -i https://www.piwheels.org/simple
仓库更换（centos举例）
源里面经常会有这种变量：
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
$basearch 的值，系统硬件架构(CPU指令集)
架构是aarch64（ARM）
$stream 的值，就是系统版本了
版本是CentOS Stream release 9
地址代入该系统变量后的路径就是
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/9-stream/AppStream/aarch64/os/
更换源
备份
sudo mv /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo.backup
换成阿里源
sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
#additional packages that may be useful
#[extras]
#name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
#baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/extras/$basearch/os/
# http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/extras/$basearch/os/
# http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/extras/$basearch/os/
#gpgcheck=1
#gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/centosplus/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/centosplus/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/centosplus/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[PowerTools]
name=CentOS-$releasever - PowerTools - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[AppStream]
name=CentOS-$releasever - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
yum clean all
yum makecache
sudo yum update
如果想使用dnf的话，使dnf的源也更新
sudo dnf makecache
添加CRB仓库
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo
最后一行加入
[crb]
name = =CentOS-$releasever - CRB - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/CRB/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/CRB/$basearch/os/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos-stream/$stream/CRB/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
dnf makecache
yum makecache
用crb下载
dnf --enablerepo=crb install <包名> -y
ubuntu安装包时判断仓库、架构
可以通过https://pkgs.org/来查看要下载的包，是属于哪个仓库源的
比如：
dnf install libnetfilter_queue-devel
报错找不到这个包：libnetfilter_queue-devel
在官网查询，找到自己对应的系统版本。可以看到显示这个包是arrch64架构的。
点进去查看详细信息。这里显示了它的仓库是CRB的，所以需要切换仓库下载
dnf --enablerepo=crb install libnetfilter_queue-devel -y
pip包判断
pip版本为python2.7的
pip install httplib2
报错
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/bin/python2 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py get_requires_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmp0SlrZb
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-p9wQcj/httplib2
Complete output (4 lines):
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 16, in <module>
from importlib import import_module
ImportError: No module named importlib
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python2 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py get_requires_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmp0SlrZb Check the logs for full command output.
这时候不要去看 No module named importlib
而是去看报错路径usr/bin/python2 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517
实际上可以发现，arm的版本下，没有这条路径。
所以想到应该把pip的源更换为arm的源
https://www.piwheels.org/simple
pip install xx -i https://www.piwheels.org/simple
但是安装失败，去查询官网，可以发现
这个包只支持python3.不支持python2.
